Castell Coch (lit. 'Red Castle'), near Tongwynlais, was the country retreat of John Crichton Stuart (1847-1900), the 3rd Marquess of Bute. It was built during the 1870s on the foundations of an earlier medieval structure. The building was designed by the architect William Burges who was also hired by the Marquess to transform Cardiff Castle during the same period. Both buildings are noted for their dramatic and ornate interiors.