Items in this story:
Farida Pabani-Salmon was born in Paranga, Uganda, in 1964 and is the sister of Alnashir Pabani.
She was seven or eight years old when the expulsion happened and remembers her father paying bribes at every checkpoint on the way to the airport.
The family became refugees at Gaydon Camp, Warwickshire, and settled in Pontypridd, where she took her first job washing dishes at a fish and chip shop. They were helped to navigate forms to secure their naturalisation and more by a couple who owned a record shop in Tonypandy.
She studied catering and was eventually invited to work in a Pembrokeshire B&B, run by a Ugandan Asian couple, where she met her husband and has since settled.
This interview is over three separate audio recordings. Transcription was aided by Otter.ai.
Recording 1 - 'Interview with Farida Pabani-Salmon by Farah Allibhai'
Tue, Jul 23, 2024 8:53AM • 25:49
SUMMARY KEYWORDS: work, uganda, siblings, people, live, father, memories, suppose, deal, dad, school, helped, grandfather, shop, uk, wales, eldest, davids, parents, house
SPEAKERS: Farida Pabani-Salmon, Farah Allibhai
Farah Allibhai 00:01
Farah Allibhai interviewing Mrs. Farida Pabani-Salmon on the 16th of March 2024.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 00:17
Hello, my name is Farida Pabani-Salmon. My date of birth is 17th of the 12th 1964 and I was born in Paranga, Uganda, East Africa.
Farah Allibhai 00:30
So Farida, what are your memories of life in Uganda?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 00:36
I have few memories because I was quite young when we left Uganda, I was seven going on eight. So not a lot of memories, but a few memories of going to school, in the house, you know, just playing outside, but not too many memories, sometimes you don't want to think about certain things, so you don't remember. But I remember going to school and you know, having all the people lining up selling food, you know, kachi keri, as they say – raw mango with chili and salt on the side and peanuts and things like that, you know, so you would have all that, when you come home from school or go into school. Then you'd go to school, and they'd be snakes in the classroom and caretaker would have to come and get them out so you could get into the classroom. You know, and little things, certain memories, and that's about it really, you know, when living with my grandparents, you know, my parents and everybody because my dad was from a big family. So, you know, small memories, not too many.
Farah Allibhai 01:50
So what type of school did you go to?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 01:54
I don't really remember much actually. I think we all went to the same school I don't really remember. It was a big school, you know, sort of don't remember too much about it, you know.
Farah Allibhai 02:05
And your entire family lived together?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 02:07
Yes, we lived with our grandparents in our house, we did move about because of my dad's job as well. So but we did live together at certain times. But when my dad moved to other places we lived just our parents, you know. But my grandfather had sharpened...you know, the business, he'd made the business up by himself that I don't know too much about, you know, my older siblings know more about than I do. Because you weren't - because you're young, you don't really remember, you don't really have those things that you think about at that time. It's only what you told or what you small, remember, or photographs or things like that you do have that you think oh yes, you know, and that’s about it really.
Farah Allibhai
What was your father's job?
Farida Pabani-Salmon
My father used to be... well he was a mechanic. When we came to the UK, he did mechanics and all this. But he used to work with my grandfather, in the beginning driving lorries for the coffin. That's all I know, I didn't... he was a mechanic like, you know, I didn't really know much about what he did. But he worked with for my grandfather and that, because my grandfather made the business himself. And I don't know much about him either really, you know, I suppose because I was younger again. And my older siblings know more because they had to do more.
Farah Allibhai 03:33
How many siblings have you got?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 03:34
I'm one of seven. And I am number five.
Farah Allibhai 03:39
Okay, great. So how did your grandfather come to be in East Africa? Do you know at all?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 03:43
Well, all I know that he went from India to Africa to make money and went to work on the railways, but that wasn't what he wanted. And he decided, you know, he went to work, you know, in other places. And then he was about making a business and doing cotton and then picking cotton and then distributing cotton, he had trucks and things like that. And he used to distribute cotton, you know, to other villages or cities or whatever. And then he got bigger and bigger. And then he had the shops and then like, you know, from what I know, from my siblings, what they've said that is like, you know, he made the little village of Paranga and all this and, you know, villages popped up everywhere then because more immigrants came in, you know, from India than that, you know, and yeah, that's how he made his money and then he had shop which sold everything you know.
Farah Allibhai 04:46
So when you say that the village popped up because of your grandfather. Is that because he established a shop there or?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 04:52
Yes, I think that yeah, it was probably like that. I would say that, you know, when you put a stall up and then all of a sudden it becomes a shop and then it becomes a village because there's lots more people. And if people are working in on the railways or picking the cotton, or distributing the cotton or driving the lorries, people have got to have somewhere to live. So obviously, the villages become bigger with more people, don't they? You know, so I assume that.
Farah Allibhai 05:21
Do you have a memory of what places you lived in Uganda?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 05:24
We lived in quite a few places, because most of us siblings, we were born in different places, you know? You're asking me questions. I was born in Paranga. I know my dad was born in Paranga. So I know that from his birth certificate, and then Mbale well, and I didn't know where the others are born, like, you know.
Farah Allibhai 05:47
Do you remember much of an Asian community or an Ismaili community in any of these places?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 05:52
Not really, I don't remember, there was because obviously, there was Jamatkhana and that, but I don't remember it, you know.
Farah Allibhai 06:00
So that's an interesting thing that there was community in Jamatkhana, in most of these places, so you'd say quite a few Ismailis were in Uganda?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 06:07
I would say so. Yes. Yes, I would say so, you know.
Farah Allibhai 06:12
Are there any other memories that you'd like to share that are coming up?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 06:18
Not really, I think, you know, when we had to leave that was a bit traumatic, I think for all of us, because we didn't know what was going on. And everything happened so quickly. And obviously, as younger siblings were shielded more than the older ones, they had to deal with a lot more. But because my dad was the eldest out of, he was one of 12. So he had to deal with everything regarding his parents, his siblings, to make sure that they all got out. And that we were like, the last people to get out. And, you know, my father sort of bribed every checkpoint everything for us to get to the airport to get out, really. So I suppose that's culture, the eldest son and had to get everybody so all his siblings, you know, went to different parts of the world, you know? And so six, you know, we all ended up like six ended up in the UK, six ended up in America and Canada. I mean, now, that's where they are. But before some went to like Holland, and you know, and then they all came to the UK. So, you know, so funny enough isn’t it, three brothers and three sisters in the UK, and three brothers and three sisters in US and Canada?
Farah Allibhai
And these were your father's siblings?
Farida Pabani-Salmon
My father's siblings, you know.
Farah Allibhai
And what happened to your grandparents?
Farida Pabani-Salmon
They went to America with my father's three younger siblings, you know.
Farah Allibhai 08:00
And were they able to get direct flights from Uganda to the US or did they have to make a stop?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 08:05
I don't know that. Yeah, I don't know that.
Farah Allibhai 08:10
And what are your other memories then of expulsion? You know, on arrival here.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 08:16
Yeah, that was, I remember you know my mum was great. She was our strength. She was our savior, really, she was the best person in my life anyway. And she was strong, she had a tough, far tougher time than we did, because she wasn't from Uganda she came from India. My father was married in India, went to Uganda, and then she had to come to the UK, you know, traveled three continents, you know, in her lifetime, when she's only, you know, in their 30s, you know, and it, I don't know if I could do it or I could survive. You know, her strengths gave us all strength to get through what we had to. And you do anything to protect your children, you look after them, and she did, she took care of us. So for me, she was that pillar of strength in our lives, you know, and I don't remember much about us, like, getting to the airport. But I remember, I can't remember which airport, we came into the UK, but I do remember them giving us those gray blankets and ushering us in, I don't know some rooms and then giving us tea and bread and butter and we thought, this is just disgusting what is this? But you get used to it because that's all you have. You're grateful just to be alive and have something, you know. And then all I - I don't remember but I know that we were taken to Gaydon camp, and that's where we were - in Gaydon Camp, which doesn't exist anymore, apparently it's a housing estate now, what I hear.
And we lived there, and I don't know how long we lived there. But my dad, he, they got him a job in Coventry. You know, and he used to go, and then we, you know, we lived in the camp, as I said, I don't remember how long or whatever. And then they found us a house in Wales in Penrhys. And we lived in Penrhys for 10 years. And, you know, we went to school. And yes, it was good times. And it was hard times, it was tough times, because you had to integrate, you had to blend in, you had to do different things, which we didn't know how to do. We didn't know what to expect, you know. And there is a photograph of me in school and my friend. And she said to me, and she said, you look very sad in that picture. I said, well, you would look very sad at eight years of age, you've come from a home from another country altogether to a totally different country, where there's not many people who look like you. And you’re in a school where you're the only brown person, nobody looks like you, you'd be sad, you know? So and then obviously, you grow up, you integrate, and some people are nice, and some people are not - you get good and bad in all societies, don't you?
Farah Allibhai 11:30
So that's very true. So whilst you were in the Gaydon camp, do you know where that was in England?
Farida Pabani-Salmon
In Kent [correction - Warwickshire]
Farah Allibhai
It was in Kent?
Farida Pabani-Salmon
In Kent
Farah Allibhai
And the volunteers there or whoever found a job for your father whilst you were living in the county?
Farida Pabani-Salmon
Yes, yeah,
Farah Allibhai
He would go up to work and then come home?
Farida Pabani-Salmon
Yeah.
Farah Allibhai
Which was at the camp?
Farida Pabani-Salmon
Yeah.
Farah Allibhai
So he was working straightaway. And do you know if there was quite a few people in the camp?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 11:58
There was a lot of people, but I don't know if... who went to work and who didn't want to work or who was where or anything, I suppose, you know, I don't... I just know of that, like, you know.
Farah Allibhai 12:11
And then you went to Penrhys. What was that like, do you remember the house? What were the community like?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 12:18
The house was a beautiful house, because it was a four bedroom house with two toilets. You know, and because we were a family of nine, you know, seven children and two parents.
Community - some were not nice, and some were very nice. But I suppose our culture and our background, and my mother was the one who, you know, because she cooks, she did all that. And when you talk to people, and you share your food with other people, and people, ask how you are and whatever, that makes a difference. Because we share, my mother shared her food with people and people used to come to our home. Our next door neighbors were just wonderful neighbors, they were really the kindest of people who we, as siblings still see, the children who used to, there were three children live there with their grandparents, and the three children, we still keep in touch with those people to this day, you know, and they were wonderful people. And there was other people, which were nice, but you had to deal with what came along, you know, of racism, bullying, whatever it was, and you had to deal with it, and you just got on with it. And I suppose now, it makes, it made me stronger anyway, you know, and getting through what I did, because it is, you're a different person coming into somebody else's space, and it's different for them to deal with. And it’s different for you to deal with, isn't it?
Farah Allibhai 14:17
And you say you have to manage it and deal with it. Do you have any recollections of how you managed it or dealt with that kind of?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 14:26
Not really, because I never spoke about it. I didn't tell many people what happened to me when I was in school, or when I... I didn't go to school half the time. You know, I used to mitch from school, because I didn't want to be there and nobody knew I did all these things you know. And you have, because you have older siblings who go to school as well and you know, you have to be like your older sibling. So we're all different. So we do what we want, you know, so when you don't want to be in an environment, you don't stay you, you know, you just don't stay in school and, you know, the bullying and the racism and all that, that takes a toll on you. But then I don't know, I just dealt with it, I suppose the best I could I just kept quiet and got on with it, you know, you keep it in your head, or, I don't know, I'm must have cried well I did cry, you know, but on your own, you don't share it with anybody until now I suppose you can talk about it, because people didn't talk about those sorts of things at all, you know.
Farah Allibhai 15:36
So, for people who don't know what mitching is, it means not going to school.
Farida Pabani-Salmon
Yeah, sorry.
Farah Allibhai
So did you feel that now in this point in your life, that had a negative impact on your career trajectory or your life? Or do you feel that it's not really made? You've made the best of what you've had?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 15:59
Yeah, I suppose if I'd stayed in school, I would have had better qualifications. Yes, of course, you know, and, but I suppose the thing is, we all have, we all have our forte days in life. And what you are, you can only deal, you can only make the best of what you have. And I made the best of what I have. I have worked since the age of 14. I'm going to be in my 60s. I've washed dishes, I've cleaned floors, I've washed toilets, I don't care what I do, as long as I can work to pay my way.
Farah Allibhai 16:37
And at age 14, what was your first job?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 16:40
I used to wash dishes in a fish and chip shop cafe.
Farah Allibhai
And where was that?
Farida Pabani-Salmon
That was in Pontypridd because we had moved from Penrhys to Pontypridd. My dad was working in Cardiff for a company called Edward Curran and obviously we got to a point that he could afford to buy a house, which my eldest sisters, and my brother, and they helped my dad and we, they bought the house when we moved to Pontypridd. And I was 14, you know, going on 15. And we moved down there and yeah, the shop was owned by a couple from Pakistan. And yeah, I gone and went in and I got this job washing dishes. And then I work myself, you know, serving the food. And then I ran the shop for two years before then I decided to get a job and I got a job working for a catering company and I worked for South Wales Police in Pontypridd police station. And then I worked in the Cardiff Central Police Station. And then I did you know, I've been in catering most of my life, you know, I did go to college, you know, and I went to college, not University as these days, it was just college, and I did catering college there. So I learned a lot about English or Welsh cooking - British cuisine, then put it that way, you know, and but you know worked in lots of different things, it doesn't matter. As long as I've got a job to pay my way, I'll do the job. And I have respect for myself to work hard, because that's the work ethic. Our parents taught us as all of us siblings, you know, we have that work ethic, you know?
Farah Allibhai 18:36
And do you think it was that worth ethic that helped you to settle in Wales in the way that you have?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 18:43
Yes, because we have to work, you have to work hard to, to get whatever you wanted, you know. Be respectful to people and people will be respectful to you. Acknowledge people, people who didn’t acknowledge you, work hard - show that you can work hard, nothing comes for free. You have to work hard, you have to earn things, you know, my mother came from India to Africa to the UK, yeah. My father came from Africa to the UK, they’re people who were not well educated. They were educated in their own culture in their own language, but they came to a country where they did know that but we were lucky because we could speak English as children from Africa to England. That was a little bit better for us because we could speak English, you know, so to get in with the community in school, which was good because we could speak we could get on with things more, you know. But as I said, some people were nice people, some people weren't and you had to deal with it because we had come here and we were just happy to be alive in our home you know?
Farah Allibhai 19:56
And could both your parents speak English?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 19:59
No, my mother couldn't speak English. I don't think my father could speak, maybe a little bit, you know, but as children, my eldest siblings helped my parents with a lot you see. And then my parents did go to learn English, you know, go to English classes and all that, you know, to learn. And yeah, you know, my mother, my father was more well conversed than my mother because she didn't go out to work. She was at home. But she got by, and sometimes people thought that they couldn't converse with her. But she listened to everything that she said. And she never said a word until she had to say something. And then they were surprised - oh, you know.
Farah Allibhai 20:42
How long did your mum and dad go to learn English. How many, was it a year?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 20:48
Oh I know. I don't know. They used to have classes. And I don't know how long they went for, like, you know.
Farah Allibhai 20:54
So it sounds like the older siblings were very instrumental in helping your mum and dad settle in Wales.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 21:02
Yes.
Farah Allibhai 21:03
Do you remember any of the organizations that helped you and your family at the time, or was that responsibility put on, taken up by your older siblings?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 21:12
Yeah, I think it was more taken up by my older siblings more.
I don't remember any organizations, maybe they was you know, but it was very lucky because my eldest brother was working. And he - there was a couple who owned a record shop in Tonypandy. And they were just absolutely beautiful people, lovely, lovely people, which, you know, we kept in touch with all our lives. They are both passed away now and they had no children. But they took my brother in as their own and all that. And the lady's two brothers were very famous actors and singers. And they were just wonderful, because Mal, he was a judge. And he helped a lot in filling out forms when we have to, have our naturalization papers. And he was just - they were both wonderful people who helped us a lot to fill out all these forms that we could didn't understand, you know? And, yeah, they were lovely people. And they helped a lot.
Farah Allibhai 22:30
So how is your life now in Wales?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 22:34
Now in Wales, I live in Pembrokeshire. By myself, I've just become widowed in the last year and a half. It's difficult to be on my own, but it's been a wonderful life with my husband, you know. And you deal with different things being on your own different, look at life differently. I am much stronger person than I always was. My mother made me strong, because she was the focus of our life and how, what she went through, if she can go through that I can do something which is nothing compared to what she went through. Be strong, be who you are, be respectful to everybody, be kind to everybody, whoever doesn't matter if they're pink, blue, green with yellow spots, be kind to people, and people will be kind to you. You can't help if people don't like you.
You can't, you can't be responsible for anybody's action, only your own, being responsible for your own actions and be kind. So that's what I hold on to. And that's what I do. I'm respectful to everybody try my best to be a kind person. I'm kind to my family, my friends, the most important people to me, you know, and people you share things like my mother shared with people, when we first came to the UK, in Penrhys, you share things, you share with the community that you live in. Some people will accept you some people won't. And you just keep the people closer to you who do and the others you just don't. And you get on with everyday life. Hard as it can be or not. Some days are good and some days are bad.
Farah Allibhai 24:33
So please accept my sincere condolences. Very sorry to hear about your husband. Can you tell me a bit more about him? How - who was he? How did you meet him?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 24:45
John, John was a wonderful person he was, I was in, I was working in Cardiff at the time and in our Mosque as the Jamatkhana we call, there was a lady who owned a place in St. Davids in Pembrokeshire. She was a Ugandan Asian and had married her husband in Uganda. He was a teacher in Uganda. And they had come to Pembrokeshire and they had bought this pub come Bed and Breakfast and they were running that. And she always used to say to me, are you’re in catering come and work for me come and work for me. But I said no. And then this one day she asked me, and I was having a few issues with the catering company that I was working with. And I said yes. And I came to St. Davids not even knowing where the place was.
Recording 2: 'Interview with Farida Pabani-Salmon on her later years in Wales by Farah Allibhai'
Tue, Jul 23, 2024 8:51AM • 19:45
SUMMARY KEYWORDS: people, work, parents, davids, life, human being, hard, lived, person, john, mother, taught, family, welsh, husband, wonderful, father, experiences, grieve, home
SPEAKERS: Farah Allibhai, Farida Pabani-Salmon
Farah Allibhai 00:02
Could you tell me about your husband where he's from? How did you meet?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 00:06
Yeah, John, John was a wonderful person. John was Pembrokeshire born and bred. And I came to work in St. Davids through an Ismaili lady who used to come to the mosque, Jamatkhana in Cardiff where I was and she always used to say to me come and work for me because her and her husband ran a pub, and a bed and breakfast. And one time I was having, you know, issues for the catering company that was working for in Canton in Cardiff. Then she just asked me and I said, yeah, go on, I'll come and work for you. I didn't know where even St. Davids was. And yeah, I packed my bags. And I came to St. Davids and I came to St. Davids and I lived and I worked in the city and pub for this lady and her husband, and in the kitchen. And it was, I just thought, what on earth have I done? Because it was like coming to the end of the earth because it was like, you've never seen anything like it. It's so quiet, peaceful. Not many people. But in the summertime, it's absolutely buzzing because of the people, visitors, holidaymakers. And John used to come into the pub there. And that's how we met. And not that I was interested or looking or whatever. But he clocked me more than I clocked in. And then yeah, one day he asked, and I said, yeah, let's see. And, you know, we talked and one thing led to another, and then we got married, and we were married for 30 years, and he died, you know. And it's hard, it's hard, because you miss him, he was a big part of my life. And a big part of my parent's life, he helped me look after them till the day they died. He did more for my parents than some people would have, you know. But you come from two different cultures but you, I taught him a lot and he taught me a lot. You know, because he had, he was older than I was, you know. But he had his parents, his father had already passed away before I came along. You know, he had his mum and his two sisters, you know, and I did a lot with them, because that was my culture. My mother always taught us that about family was important. And it still is. And I, he was obviously he did, he was involved with his family. But I made him more involved in his family by what I did for his family's siblings, his sisters and that and he became aware of how important my parents were. So when my parents needed me, I had to make the decision to leave St Davids to go look after them. And he accepted that and we lived apart for two years while I went off and started looking after my parents, but he would visit come and visit every weekend because he worked for the MOD in Brawdy in Pembrokeshire. And then when he retired, he came and lived with us in Pontypridd then he helped me look after both my parents until they died. And then after my mum died, you know, it was it was a dreadful, dreadful time for me. And if it wasn't for John, I don't know if I, how I would have got through it without him. He made me so strong. So then we came back to St. Davis because we kept our home here because he needed his home, he needed - this was his happy place. You know, John wasn't one for going on big holidays or any holidays. His holiday was his home, his garden. He used to grow things greenhouses galore and grow absolutely everything. And that was his happy place. And he was just that country bumpkin. And as long as he was happy, I was happy.
Farah Allibhai 04:38
So it sounds that despite the cultural and racial differences, you managed to have a very equitable and understanding marriage.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 04:51
Because John saw me. John saw me he didn't see a brown skin or anybody, and when somebody or anybody sees you, they see you, as a person, as a human being. And I saw him as a person as a human being. And when people see you as a human being, that's all that counts doesn't matter if you're black, brown, blue, green, yellow, or sexual orientation, wherever you are, it doesn't matter. As long as you see people as human beings, and you're not hurting anybody, what does it matter?
Farah Allibhai 05:37
So as you're able to navigate any sort of cultural challenges?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 05:42
We did together because we spoke to each other. And when it had to come, to take him home to meet my parents, that was very difficult for me. Because everything my parents said, and did was important to me, and they were the most important people in my life. And I had said to him, you know, my dad might be a bit old when you see him, you know, I don't know how this is going to go down and whatever. But he was, so he spoke to them, as human beings as people in their own right, as my parents and the respect he gave them, he had them both eating out of the palm of his hand. And everybody in my father's family knows about John, my father is one of 12 people. They live all over the world. And everybody knows about John, because my father spoke so highly of him, so highly of this person who did so much for both my parents. You think that they don't... children would do that for them, yeah, and he was so loved by everybody. My whole family, but yeah.
Farah Allibhai 06:57
Thank you very much. Thank you.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 07:05
So you take one day at a time and you thankful for every day you have, and you think of everything that you've got, even without them.
Farah Allibhai 07:16
So how would you describe your identity now? You know, you're a widow, but you’re so many other things as well. So how would you describe yourself now?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 07:33
I'm, you know, I'm Indian. I'm Welsh. I am Welsh. I've may not have been born in Wales or the UK. But I identify, when people asked me, who are you? I say, I am Welsh, you know, and when they say where do you from? I said, I'm from Cardiff you know, unless they asked me certain impertinent questions. You reply, in a very respectful manner, otherwise, you know, but I am Indian, I'm an Ismaili Muslim. I was born in Africa. But I'm Welsh. I am whoever I want to be. Yeah, as long as I am a kind, good human being. And that is my motto - one day at a time and be a kind human being. It's all about being that human being, not anything else.
Farah Allibhai 08:34
And coming onto being a human being. What does resilience mean to you and your family in your community?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 08:41
Oh resilience, resilience. That all comes and stems from my mum, my mother, and that is the only person to what she went through and taught us how hard life for her was what we saw as children. And we, you, you take that from the people who teach you, you pick all these things up, everybody has different experiences, us seven siblings, we all had different experiences. And we would say different things because you can show somebody a photograph, two people would see different things. So everybody's experience is different. But for me, my father's ethics, work hard, work hard, work hard. You will have to work 10 times harder than a British person to get on in life. To have a good job, to get somewhere, yeah, and that's the work ethic. We have work hard, work hard, just work, because you won't get anywhere without money. You've got to work hard to get that money no matter what job you do. You could sweep, you could clean the streets. It doesn't matter. You have a job, you can pay your way in life. My mother worked hard at home, every mother, every wife, that is - they have a job. When somebody says oh you're a housewife. No, that is her life. That is a job. She has worked hard to look after her husband, her children, her life, she's worked hard at that. It doesn't come just like that, that you fall into your lap, oh I'm a housewife, I'm a mother. It's hard work to be a wife, a mother, to bring them up, to give your children lifelong tools. To get on in life, we all have to have our tools. And I had my tools from my parents to help me work in any job I've had worked in, from washing dishes, to working in a factory to working for the police force, yeah, to cleaning, holiday cottages, you know, or working in a clothes shop or a post office. And how you speak to people how you come across as well, in all of my life that I've worked, I've always known I had to be there. I have, in the last 25 years of my life, I've never had an interview. Because I have been recommended to people and they have come to me asked me would I like to work for them. That is a great thing to have when your name precedes you. And that's what I give... I've had from my mother and my father. Work hard, be respectful, be kind, and your tools for Life in what you do, and you work hard.
Farah Allibhai 11:51
That's wonderful. Thank you very much. Is there anything else you'd like to add around? Coming from East Africa? And being an Asian woman, Ismaili Muslim? Was there anything else you'd like to add to your experience here? Or the people who have supported you or helped you, the things that have happened?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 12:11
Yes, I think life you know, it's not all been rosy. It all hasn't been great. We've all had to deal with lots of racism, bullying, you know, when I was young, yes, I would you know, as I said, everybody, my siblings have had different experiences. I was bullied a lot in school, I had a lot of racism in school, I was beaten up, my head was flushed down the toilet. You know, I was squared up in the cloak room, you know, when you're trying to get out and people, girls, just four of them against one of you, you know, and you're trying to get out, you're trying to live. You know, I had a wonderful brother Shakut, who passed away 22 years ago, he was my best friend. He taught me how to be strong as well, because he wasn't afraid of anybody. And he was very, he never treated people differently. Like my father. They never treated people differently. If you had a pound, or if you had a million pound, they treated you the same. And I treat people the same. If you're homeless, or if you have a million pound house, you're a human being, treat people be kind. Shakut taught me that, you know, and that's how you get along in life as well. You can't make people like you for who you are. But if people see you, my John, my husband, John, he's saw me. When people don't see your skin color or anything, and they see you, that's a wonderful thing to have, when they see you that person, you know, so all these things, the bullying the racism, which still occurs today, you know, you become more resilient, but you don't, at this age, I don't pay attention to any person who doesn't like me, because I don't bring them into my space. I keep them at arm's length. You don't acknowledge it because you're wasting oxygen on these people. Why waste your oxygen on these people? Walk away you're a better person to walk away, unless it is in your face and you're threatened. That's a different situation you have to deal with that, the situation as it is, but step back, you know, but never don't walk away from you know, step forward, when you have to step forward to hold... you have a right to be here you have the right to be a human being, you know, so all throughout my life there has been all this and things become less but you change as a person you try to become stronger. And because I had two great role models who went through so much - my parents, yeah. And my elder siblings taught me a lot as well, you know, don't be afraid, look them straight in the eye. You may be afraid inside, but don't show it. And that's how my brother Shakut taught me that. And that's what I hold in myself every time, I may be shaken inside, but I will never show you that I'm afraid of you. And I don't care who you are. Yeah. But at the end of the day, the motto is be a kind human being. And you have to make your own life, you have to be the kind person you have to be, you know, I live in St. Davids, my house is - I have so many family who come to visit me, my house is like a bed and breakfast. You know, people love coming here because I look after people, my mother told me that feed people, be kind to people. And I get on with people, and I try and be who I am. And we can't all - you still have to be you. You have to have your own values and respect yourself. You know, we have to integrate, blending whatever you want to call it. But you don't have to change who you are. You have to be yourself. Being a Ismaili, Muslim woman is hard enough to be just a woman. You know, in all walks of life, it's hard to be a woman, you have to work 10 times harder. I can do that just as good as anybody else doesn’t matter who they are, as anybody else. And you get through it. And but you have to respect yourself to say, oh, hang on, that's, that's overstepping the mark, I can't do that. I will be where I am. And if that's that, in all of my life, I have dealt with that I have had friends who have drunk, smoke, whatever, in my circle of friends, they've always drunk, smoked, whatever did lots of things. And I have always known that is my white line. And I will not cross it and I never have. And I never will because that is - I lose my self respect by doing these things. Don't get me wrong, my halo is not around my head it is around my neck. Yeah, so I'm not saying that it's all wonderful and light. And I'm not that you know, wonderful person. But be kind, be respectful, and learn by every mistake that you make, and be strong. Just be kind, just be a kind human being. And I am so grateful, to be alive, to have had an opportunity to come to another country that we have made a home that we were just grateful to be alive. And I am in this stage of my life that I just become a widow. I've lost my nephew a year before I lost my husband. I lost my sister six months after my husband. All these things. You never imagined that happen. But if somebody said to me remember, one day you were 15 and 16 you were in school, you went to college, then all of a sudden, people are getting engaged. People are getting married, people are getting children, having children, people getting older, you're older. So it's now time that people are coming to the end their life. And yeah, you're going through the motions of life. It's the circle of life. Because that's where we all come one way and we're all going to go one way and that's where we are. And for the first time in my life, I really don't know who I am and where I'm going, but I'm sure that I will. I've just got to grieve for what I've lost, the most important people in my life and deal with that. And then I can move on when it's time to move on. That will happen when it happens. Everything happens for a reason. And it will only happen when it's meant to happen.
Farah Allibhai 19:17
But for now you're quite comfortable staying in St Davids
Farida Pabani-Salmon 19:21
At this moment. For how long, I don't know. But at this moment, yes. Because I have to have time to grieve and get over my trauma in everything that I've been through.
Farah Allibhai 19:35
Well, thank you very much indeed for sharing for us.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 19:38
You're welcome. Thank you
Recording 3: 'Interview with Farida Pabani-Salmon on the Ismaili Muslim community by Farah Allibhai'
Tue, Jul 23, 2024 8:58AM • 21:30
SUMMARY KEYWORDS: cardiff, community, smiley, remember, dad, people, memories, family, home, parade, children, drift, refugee families, bridgend, meet, mum, students, car, place, brother
SPEAKERS: Alnashir Pabani, Farida Pabani-Salmon, Farah Allibhai
Farah Allibhai 00:01
Farah Allibhai recording Mrs Farida Pabani-Salmon and Mr Alnashir Pabani on the 16th of March 2024. Can you tell me, you're both Ismailis from the Ismaili community, East African Ugandan Ismailis. Can you first tell me how, when you came to this country, how you and your family first connected with other Ismailis in Wales.
Alnashir Pabani 00:33
Well my personal thing was, I didn't know nothing about it until Dad, Mum and Dad took us to Cardiff. And I can only remember your home once, right. And then we had a couple of other visits later on, but I sort of drifted away. And that’s where I my first time it was in Cardiff.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 01:02
Yeah, I think that, I think our dad must have found out about Jamatkhana because he worked in Cardiff in Edward Curran and obviously there was a lot of, of an Indian, Asian, Pakistani community there. And obviously, word of mouth. And that's how you find out so he may have found out that there was a Jamatkhana, and Ismaili Jamatkhana, and met up with your dad, Satru bhai, Allibhai and Hussein Dharamshi who, you know, started the Jamatkhana in Cardiff. And then I remember coming to your home, where Jamatkhana was held. And I remember that quite a bit. Because we, I used to go with my parents quite a lot, and assist children playing in the hallway up and down the staircase, and your brother, Mebs, chasing me a lot pulling my pigtails. So I remember that, you know, I think then that's how I think that mum and dad must have found out about the Ismaili community.
Farah Allibhai 02:12
And how important was Jamatkhana to you, as a family?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 02:18
I think for our parents, very important because that was our community when we were in East Africa. And then to have that culture, that religion, that faith for them, and our mother's faith was very strong, and to have a community who thought like you, felt like you, you know, prayed like you was important. And, you know, it connected you with other people. So for them, it was very important for us to go to Jamatkhana and meet like minded people then who would in the same religion as you.
Farah Allibhai 02:59
The fact that you were meeting the refugee families really important as well.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 03:05
Yes, I think so. Because they all had that same trauma, same, not similar then I'd say, similar things that they went through, so they could talk about things, or talk about who they knew who their parents were. And whenever anybody meets us or whatever, the first thing they'll ask you, what's your father's name? And from that they know who you are. And from that, they know who your grandfather is, and it goes back, that's how it goes back generations.
Farah Allibhai 03:35
So do you think it was a way of actually keeping hold of the good memories of back home? Quote, unquote?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 03:42
Yes.
Alnashir Pabani 03:43
Yeah, I suppose. Yeah. But not only talking about back home in Uganda, like Farida just said, they asked you whose son you are, whose daughter you are. And that leads to your grandfather. And that leads back to India or Pakistan. Oh I know, I remember the family, you know.
Farah Allibhai 04:03
Do you remember what other refugee families were in Cardiff at that time? In 1972? Right.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 04:10
Yeah, I mean, obviously, like I was younger, so as I grew up, I just remember the people that we, I remember we were friends with. And, you know, we had the Valjis. And my, our dad was very friendly with the Father. And then we had Suckerbai and her children and her husband who very sadly passed away. And our dad and him were very good friends, you know, as families. As three families, we did a lot together. We used to go out together. We used to go to each other's homes, we’d do things together. I think because obviously, no matter which community you come from, or where you come from, there will always be a divide in who's got, who's a little bit more affluent than you are. And we weren't as affluent as some of the people. So you sort of segregate is a thing isn’t it maybe I don't know.
Farah Allibhai 05:14
Do you also think the Valjis and Suckerbai were they in outside of Cardiff as well?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 05:21
Yes, Suckerbai lived in Bridgend and the Valjis, they lived in Cardiff, but they were on the outskirts of Cardiff, but obviously, for them to come to Jamatkhana and all this, did you have a car? How did you get there? Because in 1972, there was not as many cars as you know, and if you didn't work, whatever, it's difficult, like, you know. So I suppose that was different, difficult for them and their situation for our dad and mum, for their situation.
Farah Allibhai 05:54
How did you come to Jamatkhana?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 05:56
Oh, dad had a car. But he worked in Cardiff. So he had to have a car.
Alnashir Pabani 06:01
But also dad was a mechanic. So at home, he used to repair cars for anybody who’d bring the car to him, and he repair them and that. And he also had a few other cars, which anybody needed sell them to them.
Farah Allibhai 06:18
So you were lucky in that sense. You mentioned a woman called Suckerbai in Bridgend and her husband's passing. Did he pass whilst in the UK?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 06:29
Yes. He was in a motor car accident.
Farah Allibhai 06:33
Was that soon after they arrived in...?
Alnashir Pabani 06:37
No a few years after?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 06:38
I think it was a few years after, but I can't quite remember...
Farah Allibhai
It must have been...
Farida Pabani-Salmon
Yeah, it was very traumatic... it was very traumatic experience for all of us. And I cannot imagine what it was like for her and her children to go through that, coming to a new country. Just devastated, absolutely devastated, you know, but she was a very strong woman to her last days of her life, she was a very strong character.
Farah Allibhai 07:15
So in actual fact, having the community and having a Jamatkhana was actually really important in being a support in those sorts of times.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 07:25
Yes, of course, because you all have to rally up around these people who've lost their, you know, main, the father of the family, and you've just come to a new country, you know, a couple of years previous and, you know.
Farah Allibhai 07:46
How is that for you to witness as a young person? Very
Farida Pabani-Salmon 07:49
Very hard, very, it was hard at that time, you know, because you saw things, but you didn't understand it. You know, you're young, you don't understand all these things. And then obviously, as you get older, that's when you understand it a bit more. And Suckerbai was very resilient. She used to come on - she used to come all the way from Bridgend to Cardiff on a bus to Jamatkhana.
Farah Allibhai 08:15
Would she do that once a week or once a month.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 08:20
I'm not sure it's a once a week, she would you know, on special occasions, she would always make the effort. But then as time went on, you know, people like my father would drive all the way to Bridgend to pick her up to bring her to Cardiff to Jamatkhana and take her back. And that's a big commitment. But you would do - he would do that, because it was a commitment. One, she was his brother, because that's how you relate to everybody as your brother and sister even if you're not blood related. That was his way, brother's widow wife and children and he would do that. Plus, she was an Ismaili Muslim. And that's what our seva is, you help people, you do that in our community in all communities, I suppose. And there was other people who did that for her as well. I myself later in years in, we all did it, my sister, we all did it. We would pick her up from Bridgend, you know, and bring her to Jamatkhana and take her home, you know, and not for any gains or monetary value no nothing because that was our seva. That was what we did.
Farah Allibhai 09:39
That's great. So what are your memories of the first Jamatkhana, which I understand was at, the first Jamatkhana was at 22 Cyfarthfa Street in the front room of the Allibhai’s.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 09:49
Yes, I remember, I remember that. Small, it was nice. We used to, what I just remember is that you know the children we used to run around the hallway and up the stairs.
Farah Allibhai 10:01
How did that make you feel in contrast to your school life?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 10:06
Yeah, it was different because you had people who were like minded as you. And you were free. You didn't have to put barriers up you could just be you. You didn't have to fight to get out to your house, or didn't have to fight to say, how am I gonna get out of this room. But you know, you had people who were, who treated you as you and saw you.
Farah Allibhai
And that's the community.
Farida Pabani-Salmon
And that's the community because you belong to that community. And you grew up in that community, and , we're all still connected to this day, not all of us, because people do drift away. But some are still connected to this day.
Alnashir Pabani 10:47
I think so many families who just come out from Uganda, and the experience of what they've been through, the experience where we went through, it connected us and everybody looked out for each other in Jamatkhana. Right, and like Farida said, even though it was a small community, we looked out for each other. And I remember going down to Bridgend to fix Sucker aunty up and out and taking her home, myself, because I passed my test at 17. So I had a car as well and everything with Dad’s help and another gentleman called Yakub Balu. Right, you know, and we used to do... but the Jamatkhana, I remember, in your house, I was 15 by then. And at 15 you tend to meet friends in school, and you drift away from that. So for a while I did drift away, but Fridays, Mum used to make sure ‘Come on you're all coming, let's go’. And this is where we carried on. But then it was lovely. But as the years have gone. I don't know how to put this, it's been too political, going to jamatkhana.
Farah Allibhai 12:09
But after the Jamatkhana at 22 Cyfarthfa Street. Jamatkhana moved to 28 Parade, which was an education centre and community centre. What are your memories of that building?
Alnashir Pabani 12:23
Yeah, I remember. And I used to drive there, myself. And even dad was with me. He let me drive. And yeah, I always pull up there outside because you could park right outside. And it was great. Nice wide road as well. And come to think of it, just to give me a reminder of it. I only went past there a couple of weeks ago, just to see where you know. And I remember saying to my friend Ricky, so that's where we used to go. And because he spends his time on city road a lot like that. But yeah, I got go to Cardiff quite often. And sometimes think, oh, I remember this road going in there.
Farah Allibhai 13:09
What are your memories of being at the parade as a Jamatkhana?
Alnashir Pabani 13:14
Yeah it was, because I remember the first time I went there didn't seem that there was many people. But as you sat down, then you could see people drifting in and people who've been working late and coming in later, you know, and yeah started filling up a little bit. Alright, wasn't the biggest Jamatkhana, but it was big enough for the community, like, you know.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 13:36
Yeah we used to have Jamatkhana upstairs. And we used to have Jamatkhana downstairs depending on which room was available. You know, and upstairs was much smaller than downstairs, you know. But yeah, it was nice there was other people using the facilities as well. So you saw other people coming in and out, because it was an educational center. So that was nice to see other people as well. And yeah, we were there, it was happy times, I would say it to go to the parade and you know, and we had functions in other places and things like that, you know, but we all, as a family made it the functions that we did everybody chipped in, everybody had some sort of role to place doing things, whatever. And it was events, all the events that you did, it was far different to what it is now.
Farah Allibhai
It was a real place of welcoming and celebration.
Farida Pabani-Salmon
Yes, it was it was very different. Yes. You know
Farah Allibhai 14:45
Do you remember Ravi Mooneeram who was the community education officer there?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 14:51
I don't personally
Alnashir Pabani 14:54
No, I don't think that.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 14:55
I don't think we met him. So we don't know. I think it was more of the leaders of the Jamatkhana, who met him.
Farah Allibhai 15:02
So very much stepped aside when the community was using the space?
Farida Pabani-Salmon
Yeah, I would say
Farah Allibhai
Okay, that's really interesting. What memories... Jamatkhana then moved to Claude Road. So what memories do you have there? It's now a permanent Jamatkhana and Croft Street. So I don't know if you have any memories of...?
Farida Pabani-Salmon 15:21
Yeah I remember, Claude Road – we were there a long time on Claude Road you know, that was nice, it was an experience because it was small place. But it was alright, you could do you know park and hard to park there sometimes when you got there. But at least we had our own space, and there wasn't other people coming in and out, you weren't you, it was our own little space that you didn't have to put things away every week, everything could be left out as such, you know what I mean?
Whereas in the in the parade, everything that we took to layout, the religious ceremonies, things you had to pack and take with you. You know, whereas in Claude Road, once we've used them, they were washed and put back where they were meant to be. And we had a little kitchen there as well, we had functions, we had food there. We did lots of things. And there was obviously because it was behind someone's house, which is Khatun Aunty, it was behind her house, there was a garden there. So you have that space out in the garden. If it was good days, when we had tea, coffee, or food or any functions, if we didn't go anywhere else, we were all, we were able to stand inside and outside and enjoy everything. As a community, you know, which was there for a... we were there for a long time until Croft Street was bought and was developed and done as a permanent Jamatkhana, you know, which has got a different ambiance in it to the other two places.
Farah Allibhai 17:02
So it seems that as the refugee families came, this is how the Jamatkhana developed and that it's really quite important for the community to have a place where, a permanent place, even though it may have changed in the home, and whatever it seems like it's still very important for a Jamatkhana and for the Ismaili community in Cardiff.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 17:27
Well it is important to every person, whichever faith or religion you come from, to have a place of worship, that you could walk in freely, and be safe in there. And, you know, worship as you would, as a community and other people come in, and Cardiff has been a big influence because of the university for overseas students to come to Cardiff, and come to Cardiff Jamatkhana for them as Ismaili Muslims to feel welcome, to come to an Ismaili family, where we made them feel welcome, we took them, we picked them up, brought them to Jamatkhana. So they didn't feel left out. And they became a part of Cardiff Jamatkhana as a community. And a lot of them still are connected with lots of different people within Cardiff Jamatkhana. And it still goes on now, where there's obviously - I live in Pembrokeshire and I don't go to Jamatkhana that often because I live so far away, and other circumstances, but the community is still there, the Jamatkhana’s still there, the students still come, they're still invited, they're still welcomed and they’re brought in and these other people come and go. And that has happened for the last 40-50 years. Different people have come and then they've moved to London, Birmingham, Leicester, and they've made life in those places because they have a bigger Ismaili community. And when you have children, you want to teach them, your faith, your religion, your religious classes. And those are the places they go because they have them all there when there's no children in the community, your children haven't got anybody to learn with, to play with. So they move from Cardiff to go to bigger places. So the children have those facilities, you know.
Farah Allibhai 19:33
For the Ismailis that find themselves in Cardiff it’s still a point of connection that's really important
Farida Pabani-Salmon
It is
Alnashir Pabani 19:39
With the foreign students, not just from Africa, Pakistan, Afghanistan all over the place. There was a place like Farida said to meet, and before mum and dad died, mum and dad, Farida, Yashmeen, they all used to invite the students to the house in Ponty, where mum and dad lived, a lot of and stayed with us in Ponty as well. And they basically become brothers and sisters, even though we didn't have a paper to say they were our brothers and sisters, but we knew that we would treat each other. And a lot of them still keep in touch with Farida like Saleem because Saleem was staying with us for a while.
Farida Pabani-Salmon 20:23
Yeah. And the thing is, it's not just us who have a connection with all other students it’s quite a few of the other families who are still in Cardiff have a connection with the students who came and went and not just students from abroad people, students, which came from Birmingham and Leicester and London and that, because they all came to study in Cardiff, because Cardiff was such a great place, and a great university for education. So they still, they have a connection with the people who still in Cardiff Jamatkhana. And they know because the first thing you do as an Ismaili Muslim, wherever you go in the world, you try and find a Jamatkhana.
Alnashir Pabani
That’s right
Farida Pabani-Salmon
And you will find some way to go. You will find somebody who will help you. Yeah. And that's your place of community. And that's the thing about being a good person, a good human being. Yeah, and helping people and that's your seva, to help people.
Farah Allibhai 21:26
I think that's beautiful. Thank you very much indeed.
Farida Pabani-Salmon
You're welcome.